Fluid fuel burner



May '12, 1936 E. A. MORRISON FLUID FUEL BURNER 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 25 INVENTOR. fdw'a/wl 5171mm ATTORNEY lzmmszs May '12, 11.936. E. A. MORRISON FLUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 25, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

' ATTORNEY Patented May 12, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 Claims.

This invention relates to burners for fluid fuels and particularly to such a burner adapted for burning oil and the like. Among the objects of the invention are to provide a novel burner for fluid fuel which is simple in construction, efiiprovide a burner for fluid fuel in which the fuel will be maintained sufi'iciently cool to prevent slow carbonization t ereof in the reservoir and provide a burner for duced flow of air through a portion of the burner induces a flow of air about an oil supply reservoir associated with the burner; to provide in combination with a burner of this type an especially adaptable blower which is simple, ecoefiicient for supplying air to the burner, and generally to improve upon apparatus of the type herein described.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists or sacrificing any of the tion.

erence is directed to the accompanying drawings in connection with which the apparatus will also be described, and wherein: I

Fig. l is a longitudinal side elevation of the invention with fragmentary portion of a fire box in section.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal plan View of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section on line IIIIII of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a vertical laterally transverse section on line IVIV of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section of a modified form of a tubular portion of the burner.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal side elevation partly in section showing a modified form of blower device.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary horizontal section on line VIIV1I of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section on line VIII-VIII of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a perspective of a hollow slightly spiralled member incorporated in the blower apparatus of Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts, I indicates generally a fire box of a heating device which may be of any suitable well-known type, such as a stove or boiler, having an opening I I therein to receive a tubular discharge outlet of the burner of this invention, said opening preferably being of greater diameter than the tubular body to permit passage of air into the fire box around the circumference of the discharge orifice of the tubular body. The burner apparatus, as here exemplified, is provided with or pedestal l2 preferably portable and having a base I3 of sufficient diameter to support the entire structure so that the entire structure is of a portable nature and may be moved from place to place wherever its use is desired, it being understood that the burner may be used in any suitable environment where a burner of this type is desired, and the invenpump generally indicated tric motor I having the usual rotatable field coils I 6 therein, the casing I I preferably having openings I8 therethrough for passage of a volume of air to prevent the over-heating of the motor. The motor has the usual rotatable driven motor shaft I9 upon which is mounted to rotate there- With an air blower fan 20, said fan being provided with blades 2| radial to shaft I9 and upstanding from the plane of a back plate 22, the blades 2| being preferably tapered at their free edge as shown best in Figs. 3 and 6. Substantially enclosing the fan is a casing 23,

and a forward face wall 23 and a rearward wall 23, and and said casing being provided with an air intake 24 which preferably extends vertically upwardly from the casing. An opening 25 centrally of rear wall 23 provides communication between air intake 24 and the interior of casing 23 and also with the sections by a laterally transverse wall 21 which divides the interior of the casing into a fan section 2, 26 and a channeled section 29, said sections being in communication through openings 30 which are disposed at the radially outer portion of the Wall 21. Within the section 28 of casing 23 and extending radially inwardly from the inner circumferential wall 23 thereof are fins 3| which are angularly disposed relative to the axis of motor shaft l9 and are of sufficient height to permit clearance of the fan blades 2|, upon rotation thereof. The fan 20 being partially enclosed, is capable of creating a sufficient air pressure to satisfactorily operate the burner apparatus. The 29 is provided with a plurality,

channeled section of radial ribs 32 which provide channels 33 extending between the openings 30 and the opening 26. Mounted at the opening 26' by suitable means such as flanges 34 is an elongated tubular member 35 which is adapted for receiving a draft of air from the air pump 14. Thevopposite end portion of tubular member 35 is provided with an outlet opening 36 0f lesser diameter than the inlet opening at 26, said outlet opening being reduced in diameter by a transverse baflle 31. Mountedat the outletopening 36 and centrally of thetube 35 there is a secondary elongated tubular member 38 which isspaced radially inwardly from the'walls of tube 35 and supported by the baffles 31 the secondary tubular member 38"" being of sufficient length to extend on both sides-of-the baffle 31 and serve in the nature of a venture and alsoa hood for a discharge nozzle 39 whichis mounted in the passagewaytherein. When the burner is used in connection with an enclosed fire box it has been found desirable to provide arr exterior hood 49 extending beyondand spaced radially from the secondary tubular member-or hood- 38,,the member 49 having openlugs 41" therein. 7 V

Circumferentially of the tubular member 35 is a casing 42'which provides a space 43 through which air may circulate from the interior of the tube 35 as at inlet 44 and be returned to said tube through the outlet 45, said inlet and outlet having reference to the space 43 in thecasing 42. Within the space 43 and spaced from the wall of" casing 42', a; reservoir 46- for fluid fuel or oil is circumferentially, disposed with relation to the tubular member 35, the reservoir 46 being elongated ina longitudinal cross-section as clearly indicated in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5.

In communication with the oil reservoir 46 and preferably at the upper portion thereof as at 41 is a feed conduit 48- which extends radially inwardly into and then longitudinally of the tubular member 35' and is adapted for feeding fuel to the discharge nozzle 39, thus being maintained at a relatively low temperature by the flow of air in tube 35. s The reservoir 46 receives its supfeed conduit 49 which comthereof as at 50, said feed line having a control or cut-off valve 5| of any suitable type, and further communicating with a suitable exterior fuel supply 52. The object of having the lower fuel feed 56 and the upper fuel discharge 41 is to permit dirt, grit or other solid impurities to settle by gravity at the bottom of the reservoir 46 and thus prevent clogging of the relatively small opening of discharge conduit48 and nozzle 39.

To this point the descriptions of the invention shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 are similar in mechanism and operation. In the deviceof Fig. 3 the reservoir 46- circumfere tially abuts the outer wall of tubular member 35 and the surrounding air space of casing 42 receives air in transit from of a lip or baffle 53 which the tube 35 by reason overlies the inlet opening, 44 into the air space 43, the air in transit passing through the space 43 and out of the space 43 through the openings whence it is returned to the tube 35 by a suction or less than atmospheric pressure developed by the secondary tubular member or venturi 38.

In the modification of Fig. 5 a portion of the air passing through theopening 26. is deflected by a conical batlie 54 so that it passes out of tube 35=and into the space 43 and circulates around both sides of the reservoir 46 and reenters the tube-35-at the openings baflie 55 which overlies the openings 45, the rescrvoir in Fig. 5 being spaced from the wall of tube 35 to permit the circulation of air on both sidesv of the reservoir, it being preferred that said reservoir be spaced from tube 35 by open webs 56Z.

In the modification of Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive the tubular member 35 and its surrounding casing 42. may assume the type of either; of the corresponding members of Fig. 3v or 5, the modification being. in the type of blower assembly and conduits for air from the casing 23. In this modification; the air intake 24' is also open at the bottom. as at 24 so that air may be-taken in from both top and bottom, and the air inlet; is through opening 255* in the forward wall 23 the fan.20-being reversed fromthe position shown in. Fig;.3, and a small amount of air being blown out through the openings 18 sufficient to maintain a satisfactory temperature of Forwardly of the fan, and constituting the dividing wall2'l of the casing, is aspiral plate member 6i) having its inner face 6| adjacent the tapered edge ofithe fan blades, the purpose of the spiral form of this face 6| being to provide one portion 66 of. the space within the casing wherein the fan may'blow the air without building up appreciable pressure and thus supply a large volume-of air to the tubular member to support combustion, while in another portion 69 of the casing the fan may buildup a small pressure of air so as to better project the fuel forwardly when it is discharged from nozzle 39. In other words, the casing 231 of Fig. 6 provides a space 59* wherein the casing is in close proximity to the fan blades and another space 60 in which thereis greater distance between the fan and forward wall of the casing. At each of the respective terminations of these two spaces, (ill, and 60* the member 60 is provided at its outer or circumferential edge with a baffle 62. which separates the respective spaces 60 and 69 The channels 33 45 by virtue of a; lip or.

the motor l5.

in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are formed by the ribs 32, as

in Figs. 3 and 4, except that the channels 33 are provided around the air intake 24---24* as. best shown in Fig. '7.

One of the difficulties which has been encountered inthe small portable type of oil burner now known is that the high temperature at the burner nozzle or torch cracks the oil in the fuel supply in the relatively small feed lines and clogs the feed lines with the heavier residues, whereas in this invention the same feed lines are'maintained relatively cool directly up to the point of discharge from the burner nozzle 39, and the fuel is discharged into a superheated zone at the outlet mouth of the venturi or secondary tube 39 so that it is readily subject to combustion. By

the partial enclosing of the blower fan within a casing, a slight air pressure may be developed in addition to a mere volumetric blowing of the air. From experiment it has been found that the angular disposal of the fins 3| directs the air from the fan more efiiciently and evenly through the channels 33 and tends to eliminate a whistling or siren noise from the air pump. The ribs 3| being angularly disposed, correspond at their radially outward edge, to the curve of the casing 23 and therefore are shown as curved in Fig. 3. The arrows in Figs. 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8 serve to indicate the direction of air currents.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

1. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the opposite end, a reservoir for liquid fuel closely disposed circumferentially of said tubular member, said reservoir being elongated in crosssection along the axis of the tubular member, a casing enclosing and spaced from the reservoir providing an air conduit for passage of air about said fuel reservoir, the wall of said tubular member having longitudinally spaced openings into said conduit, adjacent respective end portions of said conduit, providing an air intake opening and an air outlet opening between the conduit and the interior of the tubular member, a discharge nozzle, and a fuel feed conduit connecting the nozzle with the reservoir, said nozzle being disposed adjacent said outlet end of the tubular member and forwardly relative to the said openings from the tubular member into the said air conduit.

2. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the opposite end with the air inlet of greater area than the air outlet, a reservoir for liquid fuel closely disposed circumferentially of said tubular member, said reservoir being elongated in cross-section along the axis of the tubular member, a casing enclosing and spaced from the reservoir providing a conduit for passage of air about said fuel reservoir, the wall of said tubular member having an air intake opening and an air outlet opening communicating with the said conduit, a discharge nozzle, a conduit connecting the nozzle with the upper portion of the reservoir, said nozzle being disposed adjacent said outlet end of the tubular member, and a feed conduit for fluid fuel having communication with the bottom portion of said reservoir.

3. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the opposite end with the air inlet of greater area than the air outlet, means for blowing air through said tubular member, a reservoir for liquid fuel closely disposed circumferentially of said tubular member, a casing enclosing and spaced from said reservoir providing a conduit for passage of air about said fuel reservoir, the wall of said tubular member having an air intake opening and an air outlet opening communicating with the said conduit, a discharge nozzle disposed adjacent said outlet end of the tubular member and a conduit connecting the nozzle with the reservoir.

4. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the opposite end with the air inlet of greater area than the air outlet, means at said inlet end of the tubular member for forcing air therethrough, a reservoir for liquid fuel closely disposed circumferentially of said tubular member, said reservoir being elongated in cross-section along the axis of the tubular member, a casing enclosing and spaced from said reservoir providing a conduit for passage of air about said fuel reservoir, the wall of said tubular member having an air intake opening and an air outlet opening communicating with the said conduit, a discharge nozzle disposed adjacent said outlet end of the tubular member and a conduit connecting the nozzle with the reservoir.

5. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and hav- 6. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the opposite end with the air inlet of greater area than the air outlet, means at said inlet end of the tubular member for forcing air therethrough, a reservoir for liquid fuel closely disposed circumferentially of said tubular member, a casing enclosing and spaced from said reservoir providing a conduit for passage of air about said fuel reservoir, the wall of said tubular member having secondary tubular -member and meeting the nozzle with the reservoir.

7. A burner for liquid fuel including a tubular member for passage of air therethrough and having an air inlet at one' end and the opposite end, a casing circumferentially of and spaced from the tubular member providing a conduit for passage of air about said tubular member, a reservoir for liquid fuel in said conduit and closely disposed circumferentially of said an air outlet at tubular member, a discharge nozzle disposed ad'- the Wall of said tubular member having longitudinally spaced openings into said circumferential air conduit at respective end portions of the air conduit whereby air may pass from said tubular member through one of said openings into' the air conduit and may pass through the other of said openings from the air conduit into the tubular member rearwardly of the discharge nozzle.

EDWARD A. MORRISON. 

